"Phenytoin" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus,
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings). Descriptors are arranged in a hierarchical structure,
which enables searching at various levels of specificity.
An anticonvulsant that is used to treat a wide variety of seizures. It is also an anti-arrhythmic and a muscle relaxant. The mechanism of therapeutic action is not clear, although several cellular actions have been described including effects on ion channels, active transport, and general membrane stabilization. The mechanism of its muscle relaxant effect appears to involve a reduction in the sensitivity of muscle spindles to stretch. Phenytoin has been proposed for several other therapeutic uses, but its use has been limited by its many adverse effects and interactions with other drugs.
| Descriptor ID |
D010672
|
| MeSH Number(s) |
D03.383.129.308.432.555.730
|
| Concept/Terms |
Phenytoin- Phenytoin
- 5,5-Diphenylhydantoin
- Fenitoin
- 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione
- Diphenylhydantoin
Phenytoin Sodium- Phenytoin Sodium
- Sodium Diphenylhydantoinate
- Diphenylhydantoinate, Sodium
|
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more general than "Phenytoin".
Below are MeSH descriptors whose meaning is more specific than "Phenytoin".
This graph shows the total number of publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in this website by year, and whether "Phenytoin" was a major or minor topic of these publications.
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| Year | Major Topic | Minor Topic | Total |
|---|
| 2012 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2013 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2018 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2019 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2020 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2021 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
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Below are the most recent publications written about "Phenytoin" by people in Profiles.
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Efficacy of Home Anticonvulsant Administration for Second-Line Status Epilepticus Treatment. Neurology. 2021 08 17; 97(7):e720-e727.
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A pharmacokinetic simulation study to assess the performance of a sparse blood sampling approach to quantify early drug exposure. Clin Transl Sci. 2021 07; 14(4):1444-1451.
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Early Exposure of Fosphenytoin, Levetiracetam, and Valproic Acid After High-Dose Intravenous Administration in Young Children With Benzodiazepine-Refractory Status Epilepticus. J Clin Pharmacol. 2021 06; 61(6):763-768.
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The association of patient weight and dose of fosphenytoin, levetiracetam, and valproic acid with treatment success in status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2020 06; 61(6):e66-e70.
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Efficacy of levetiracetam, fosphenytoin, and valproate for established status epilepticus by age group (ESETT): a double-blind, responsive-adaptive, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 04 11; 395(10231):1217-1224.
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Randomized Trial of Three Anticonvulsant Medications for Status Epilepticus. N Engl J Med. 2019 11 28; 381(22):2103-2113.
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Levetiracetam no better than phenytoin in children with convulsive status epilepticus. Lancet. 2019 05 25; 393(10186):2101-2102.
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Randomized trial of lacosamide versus fosphenytoin for nonconvulsive seizures. Ann Neurol. 2018 06; 83(6):1174-1185.
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Reduced Anticoagulant Effect of Dabigatran in a Patient Receiving Concomitant Phenytoin. Pharmacotherapy. 2016 Feb; 36(2):e5-7.
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The established status epilepticus trial 2013. Epilepsia. 2013 Sep; 54 Suppl 6:89-92.